การต่อเติมและเปลี่ยนแปลงการใช้ที่อยู่อาศัยประเภททาวน์เฮาส์ : กรณีศึกษา หมู่บ้านสินธร บางกะปิ / ชนินทร์ วิสิทธิกมลโยธิน = Expansion and modification of townhouses : a case study of Sinthorn Community, Bangkaphi / Chanintr Vishitikamolyotin
This research has as its objectives first, the study of the expansion and modification to townhouses and the problems these cause, and second, the reasons, or thoughts, of the residents about the problems they were facing. The research used Sinthorn Community for this study and examined documents concerning inspections of current conditions including recorded data and photographs. It also examined the thoughts of residents through questionnaires and interviews. Sinthorn housing estate is located adjacent to Lad Phrao Road in Bang Kaphi district. It includes 1056 townhouse units, which were first occupied in 1985. Today, 74% of the total are occupied. 48% of these are used solely as domiciles while 40% are used as domiciles and business locations. The remaining 12% are not used as domiciles at all. 52% of the units have been modified. In this group 35% have been expanded but retain the former uses while 13% have not been expanded or had their uses changed. Expansions have been made at both front and rear as well as from ground level to upper levels. The most popular expansion is at the rear were a kitchen has been added. This is followed by an expansion at the front to provide a garage, or car park, and a rear upper level expansion to provide an additional bedroom. Research found that though families have expanded, they still feel they have insufficient space. to correct this, they will purchase a second townhouse that is either attached or close by. Those residents who do have more than one townhouse with also expand and/or make modifications. The majority will make changes tothe area they greet or entertain guests (living room) and. Dine. They will make modifications in order to conduct a small home industry or set up an office, warehouse for products, materials or equipment. Problems these expansions and midifications caused included ventilation. To correct this, residents would install air conditioning units. Problems caused to neighbors included them feeling unsafe because of workers and stored flammable materials. If on the other hand, residents were accepting of enterprises that added convenience and enhanced living in the community such as shops and services. This research found a major reason for expansion and modification of the townhouse units has been the development of Bangkok, which has placed the community, or housing estate, close to a business center. This can be seen through the types of expansion and modification that have taken place since the community was first built. The townhouse units' locations are ideal to serve the estate. Expansion and modifications can be seen to have taken place during the first two years after occupancy. Activities and business that were established were done so mainly to reduce travel time of residents that led to unit modificantions. This continued in the same manner until the economic decline in 1997. Residents who had to expand and make modifications did so because they found their unit designs were not conveniently applicable to serving as a domicile beginning with the kitchen. With changing economic and social conditions of the families, expansions and modifications became even more necessary. The researcher would like to state that the expansions and modifications have been illegal. Townhouse designs must disregard laws as they are not to be expanded. Thus, to gain additional area, they modifications must be made based on the strength of the building's frame or structure. For new projects, sufficient area should allocated if occupants wish to later expand and building structures should be built strong enough to safely handle expansions, or extensional. As far as expansions and modifications to units so they can serve as shops or service centers for the community, occupants should be required to seek permission, or approval, to transfer their registration from a residence to a commercial-residential property and adhere to laws and regulations. In new projects, units should be designed so they can be expanded in accordance with the law and there should be set limits for the usable area such as distance from curbs of community, housing estate main thoroughfares to private structure. Expansion and modification of condominium units can affect residents in a mnumber of ways, and they can be illegal. Thus, the hand areas in new projects should be clearly specified as to their legal use, and there should be strong controls to prevent use of land areas that have been allocated for other usage
