I. Concepts -- 1. Alkylating agents: Mechanisms and modulation -- 2. Reduced folates and fluoropyrimidine antitumor efficacy -- 3. Laboratory aspects of multidrug resistance -- II. Initial clinical investigations -- 4. Multidrug resistance: clinical findings and implications -- 5. Current status of trimetrexate, a folate antagonist with antineoplastic and antiprotozoal properties -- 6. Daunomycin and doxorubicin LYM-1-drug conjugates for the treatment of malignant lymphomas -- 7. Phase I trials: Role of the nurse investigator -- III. Therapeutic advances -- 8. The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of squamous cell tumors of the esophagus -- 9. Systemic chemotherapy of transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium -- 10. Nasopharyngeal cancer, undifferentiated type: The medical oncologistโ{128}{153}s viewpoint -- 11. Primary central nervous system lymphomas