1 Technique -- General Remarks -- Contrast Media -- Variation in Technique Because of Age -- Types of Examinations -- Fluoroscopic and Filming Technique -- Special Examinations -- Special Maneuvers and Positions -- Special Tests -- Special Studies -- 2 Normal Anatomicoroentgen Studies and Correlations Gross Anatomy -- Gross Anatomy -- Mediastinum and Diaphragm -- Radiologic Anatomy -- Checklist of Observations During and Following a Barium Swallow -- 3 Congenital Anomalies and Developmental Abnormalities -- Normal Embryology -- Congenital Anomalies or Malformations -- Cardiovascular Anomalies -- Other Miscellaneous Vascular Anomalies -- Aberrant Vessels -- Congenital Heart Disease -- Abnormalities of Position -- Oral and Pharyngeal Dysphagia in Infancy -- Atresia and Agenesis of the Esophagus -- Developmental Disorders -- Related Congenital Systemic Disorders of the Esophagus -- 4 Mechanical Factors Affecting the Contour of the Orohypopharynx and Esophagus -- External Factors -- Internal Factors -- 5 Functional, Involutional, and Degenerative Disorders -- Functional Changes -- Involutional Changes -- Degenerative Changes -- 6 Organic Lesions (Systemic) -- Neuromuscular Disorders -- Inflammatory Lesions -- Granulomatous Lesions -- Collagen Diseases -- Deficiency Disorders -- Leukemia and Lymphomas of the Esophagus -- Amyloidosis -- Esophageal Varices -- Miscellaneous Conditions -- 7 Organic Lesions (Local) -- Esophagitis -- Esophageal Ulcers -- Benign Strictures -- Diverticula -- Primary Neoplasms of the Hypopharynx and Esophagus -- 8 Roentgenologic Appearance Following Surgery and Radiation Therapy -- Radiologic Changes Following Surgery -- Radiologic Changes Following Radiotherapy for Neoplasms -- Concluding Remarks -- References