1 Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 History of the Development of Total Knee Prosthesis at The Hospital for Special Surgery -- 2 History of the Development of Total Knee Prosthesis at The Hospital for Special Surgery -- 3 The Total-Condylar Knee and Its Evolution -- 3 The Total-Condylar Knee and Its Evolution -- 4 Total-Condylar Arthroplasty: Indications -- 4 Total-Condylar Arthroplasty: Indications -- 5 Surgical Technique of Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty -- A. Introduction -- B. Preoperative Planning for Total Knee Arthroplasty -- C. Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty for Valgus and Combined Valgus-Flexion Deformity of the Knee -- D. Technique of Correction of Varus Deformity -- E. Technique of Correction of Flexion Contracture During Total Knee Arthroplasty -- F. Technique of Bone Cuts with Conventional Instruments -- G. Technique of Total Knee Arthroplasty with Precision Cut Instruments -- H. Cement Technique -- I. How to Compensate for Bone Loss -- 6 Rehabilitation and Assessment of Knee Function After Total Knee Arthroplasty -- 6 Rehabilitation and Assessment of Knee Function After Total Knee Arthroplasty -- 7 Methods of Radiologic Evaluation of Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty -- 7 Methods of Radiologic Evaluation of Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty -- 8 Clinical and Radiographic Results of Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty: A 3- to 8-Year Follow-Up -- 8 Clinical and Radiographic Results of Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty: A 3- to 8-Year Follow-Up -- 9 Replacement of the Patellofemoral Joint with Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty -- 9 Replacement of the Patellofemoral Joint with Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty -- 10 Complications -- A. 1. Diagnosis and Management of Infection Following Total Knee Arthroplasty -- A. 2. Management of the Infected Total Knee -- B. Loosening of the Cement-Bone Interface After Total Knee Arthroplasty -- C. The Causes and Prevention of Instability in Total Knee Replacement -- D. Peroneal Nerve Palsy Following Total Knee Arthroplasty -- E. Local Wound Complications After Total Knee Arthroplasty -- 11 Controversies of Total Knee Arthroplasty -- A. Importance of Retention of Posterior Cruciate Ligament -- B. Metal-Reinforced Tibial Components: How Good Are They? -- C. Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty as an Alternative to High Tibial Osteotomy -- D. A Critical Evaluation of Biologic Fixation for Total Knee Arthroplasty -- 12 Revision of Total Knee Arthroplasty -- A. Design of Knee Prostheses for Bone Loss and Instability -- B. Technique of Revision of Total Knee Arthroplasty -- C. Indications, Results, and Complications of Revision of Total Knee Arthroplasty for Mechanical Failure -- 13 Future Trends in Knee Arthroplasty -- 13 Future Trends in Knee Arthroplasty -- Supplemental Bibliography