Author | Wilkinson, Harold A. author |
---|---|
Title | The Failed Back Syndrome [electronic resource] : Etiology and Therapy / by Harold A. Wilkinson |
Imprint | New York, NY : Springer New York, 1992 |
Edition | Second Edition |
Connect to | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4394-6 |
Descript | XII, 254p. 108 illus. online resource |
1. Introduction: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Therapy -- Etiology -- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach -- 2. The Role of Improper Surgery in the Etiology of the Failed Back Syndrome -- Incorrect Diagnosis -- Unnecessary Surgery -- Improper or Inadequate Surgery -- 3. Symptomatic Diagnosis -- Low Back Pain -- Fusion Problems -- Leg Pain -- Psychogenic Factors -- Adhesive Arachnoiditis -- 4. Precise Diagnosis of Specific Syndromes -- History -- Physical Examination -- Laboratory Studies -- Electrodiagnostic Studies -- Noninvasive Radiologic Studies -- Invasive Radiologic Studies -- Radioactive Isotope Scans -- Diagnostic Injections -- 5. Noninvasive Therapy -- Enforced Inactivity Therapy -- Enforced Activity Therapy -- Topical and Transcutaneous Therapy -- Systemic Pharmacologic Therapy -- Psychological Therapy -- Chronic Pain Centers -- 6. Needle Therapy -- Corticosteroid and Anesthetic Injections of Local Tender Areas -- Prolotherapy -- Intradiscal Injections -- Facet Nerve and Joint Injections -- Sacroiliac Joint Injections -- Epidural Injections -- Intrathecal Injections -- Epidural, Paraspinal, and Intrathecal Radiofrequency Nerve Root Procedures -- Lumbar Sympathectomy -- 7. Surgical Therapy -- Repeat Laminectomy -- Repeat Spinal Fusion -- Primary Spinal Fusion -- Lysis of Arachnoiditis -- Excision of Local Tender Areas -- Dorsal Column Stimulator Implantation -- Implantation of Epidural or Subdural Catheters and Pumps -- Sensory Rhizotomy and Neurectomy -- Cordotomy and Myelotomy -- Brain-Stem Lesions and Stimulation -- Cingulotomy and Lobotomy -- 8. Team Approach or Individual Effort? -- References -- Suggested Readings -- Index of Case Reports