Author | Warner, Homer R. author |
---|---|
Title | Knowledge Engineering in Health Informatics [electronic resource] / by Homer R. Warner, Dean K. Sorenson, Omar Bouhaddou |
Imprint | New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint: Springer, 1997 |
Connect to | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1822-7 |
Descript | XVI, 265 p. online resource |
1 Background and Legacy -- Overview -- Knowledge Representation and Computation Methodologies -- 2 The Expert System Model -- to Modeling -- Choosing a System to Model -- Choosing a Model -- 3 Iliad: The Model Used for This Text -- The Frame Concept -- The Probabilistic Model: Dealing with Uncertainty -- Probabilistic Information -- Heuristics That Improve the Model -- 4 The Data Dictionary: Limiting the Domain of the Model -- Organization of the Dictionary -- Context Versus Concept -- Hierarchical Relationships -- Granularity of the Dictionary -- Modifying the Dictionary -- Knowledge Contained in the Dictionary -- Inferencing from the Hierarchy -- Word Relations -- Data Relations -- 5 The Knowledge Engineering Process -- How to Structure/Model the Knowledge -- The Overall Process -- Knowledge Sources: Advantages and Limitations of Each -- Which Findings to Include in a Frame -- Probabilistic and Deterministic Logic -- Reasons to Cluster -- Types of Clusters -- Frames That Return a Value -- Estimating Probabilities -- Testing Frames in Isolation -- Sources of Error -- Tools to Facilitate the Knowledge Engineering Process -- Combining Frames into a Working System -- 6 Evaluation of the Model -- Testing and Refining the Compiled Knowledge -- Appropriateness of Decisions Based on Data Entered by Experts -- Testing with Data Newly Entered from Patient Charts -- Testing with Cases Stored Earlier -- Modifying Source Frames As Required: The Iterative Process -- 7 Applications of the Model -- Modes of Use -- The User Interface -- Minimal Diagnosis -- Bayes Calculator -- Interfaces to Other Knowledge -- Compromises -- 8 Lessons Learned -- Teaching Medical Clerks, Physician Assistants, and Other Trainees -- As a Tool for Preauthorization -- As a Screening Tool for Quality Improvement -- Commercial Users of Iliad -- 9 Knowledge Engineering Tools -- Knowledge Acquisition -- Structuring and Coding the Knowledge -- Testing the Knowledge Base -- Summary -- 10 Example Knowledge Bases -- The Knowledge Engineering Class -- Medical and Pediatric HouseCall -- Symptom Analysis -- Deriving HouseCall from Iliad -- Knowledge Engineering for HouseCall -- 11 Future Challenges -- Links to Patient Data: Client Server/Version of Iliad -- Future Directions -- References -- Appendices -- 1 Example Hierarchies of Top-Level Diseases (Final Diagnoses) in Various Medical Specialties -- 2 Approximate Estimated Prevalences for Selected Top-Level Diseases in a Family Practice Setting, Categorized by Specialty -- 3 Using the Iliad KE Tool -- 4 Some Example โDomain-Specificโ Symptom Lists -- 5 Example Data Relations -- 6 Example Word Relations