Current debate in cognitive science, from robotics to analysis of vision, deals with problems like the perception of form, the structure and formation of mental images and their modelling, the ecological development of artificial intelligence, and cognitive analysis of natural language. It focuses in particular on the presence of a hierarchy of intellectual constructions in different formats of representation. These diverse approaches, which share a common assumption of the inner nature of representation, call for a new epistemology - even a new psychophysics - based on a theory of reference which is intrinsically cognitive. As a contribution to contemporary research, the reading presents the core of theories developed in Central Europe between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by philosophers, physicists, psychologists and semanticists who shared a dynamic approach and a pronounced concern with problems of interaction and dependence. These theories offer innovative solutions to some of the epistemological and philosophical problems currently at the centre of debate, like part-whole, theory of relations, and conceptual and linguistic categorization
CONTENT
Introduction: Back to the Origins -- The Primitives of Presentation. Wholes, Parts and Psychophysics -- The Politics of Thought: A Social History of the Debate between Wundt and the Wรผrzburg School -- Representation in Psychophysics -- Lotze on the Sensory Representation of Space -- Ernst Machโ{128}{153}s Evolutionary Theory of Representation -- Hermann von Helmholtz and Ernst Mach on Musical Consonance -- The Bild Conception of Physical Theories from Helmholtz to Hertz -- Representation in Early Husserl -- Contents, Psycho-physical Products and Representations -- G.F. Stoutโ{128}{153}s Philosophical Psychology -- Otto Selz and the Wรผrzburg School -- The Intrumental Model of Language in Karl Bรผhler -- The concept of Perceptual โ{128}{152}Fieldโ{128}{153} and the Revolution in Cognition Caused by Kรถhlerโ{128}{153}s physische Gestalten -- Consciousness and Actuality in Whiteheadean Ontology -- Kurt Lewin and the Rise of the โ{128}{152}Cognitive Sciencesโ{128}{153} in Germany: Cassirer, Bรผhler, Reichenbach -- Childrenโ{128}{153}s Drawings as Sensible Probes into the Realm of Representations
