Author	Chowdhuri, Ramendra Nath. author
Title	International Mandates and Trusteeship Systems [electronic resource] : A Comparative Study / by Ramendra Nath Chowdhuri
Imprint	Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1955
Connect to	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-9216-3
Descript	328 p. online resource

Bismarck once said: "I do not want any colonies at all. Their only use is to provide sinecures. That is all England at present gets out of her colonies, and Spain too. And as for us Gennans, colonies would be exactly like the silks and sables of the Polish nobleman who had no shirt to wear under them. " 1 It may be debated whether Bismarck was right or wrong, but the subsequent course of history e. g. , the Angloยญ French rivalry in Egypt, the Sino-Japanese war of 1894-1895, the Spaยญ nish-American war of 1898, the Boer war of 1899-1902, the Russoยญ Japanese war of 1904-1905, the Morocco crisis of 1906, the Turcoยญ Italian war of 1911, showed that the colonial territories, which were often treated as pawns in the diplomatic game for power, prestige, and markets were potential causes of war. 2 The chief cause of modern wars, if Hobson's analysis is accepted, is the competitive struggle of modern nations for economic privileges of one kind or another for powerful financial and trading groups of their 3 nationals. The keen desire of the Colonial Powers to acquire new marยญ kets and sources of raw materials by diplomatic pressure or force have been, according to him, "the chief directing influences in foreign policy, the chief causes of competing armaments, and the pennanent underยญ lying menaces to peace

I. Introduction -- II. Evolution of the International Trusteeship System -- 1. Origin of the Idea -- 2. Inception of the International Mandates -- 3. Inter-War Years -- 4. International Trusteeship in Embryo -- 5. Evaluation -- III. Drafting of the Mandates and Trusteeship Articles -- 1. The Paris and San Francisco Conferences -- 2. Compromises in the Two Systems -- 3. Framing of the Mandates and Trusteeship Article -- 4. Role of the Powers -- 5. Reception of the Two Systems -- IV. Establishment of the Two Systems -- 1. The Interregnum -- 2. Submission of the Territories -- 3. Drafting of the Trusteeship Agreements -- 4. Approval of the Trust Agreements -- 5. Mandates and Trusteeship Texts -- 6. The Inauguration of the Two Systems -- V. The Territorial Application of the Two Systems -- 1. Territories Under Mandate -- 2. Territories Detached from the Enemy States -- 3. Territories Voluntarily Placed Under the System -- 4. Evaluation -- VI. The Agencies of International Supervision -- 1. The General Assembly -- 2. The Security Council -- 3. The International Court of Justice -- 4. The International Secretariat -- VII. The Permanent Mandates Commission and the Trusteeship Council -- 1. Composition of the Commission and the Council -- 2. Organization of the Commission and the Council -- 3. Functions and Powers of the Commission and the Council -- 4. The Specialized Agencies -- VIII. Operation of the International Trusteeship System I -- 1. The Problem of Sovereignty Over Mandated and Trust Territories -- 2. General Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- 3. Special Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- IX. Operation of the International Trusteeship System II -- 1. Political Advancement -- 2. Economic Advancement -- 3. Social Advancement -- 4. Educational Advancement -- X. Conclusion -- I. Population of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- II. Territorial Distribution of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- III. Distribution of the Mandated and Trust Territories -- IV. Composition of the Visiting Missions, 1947โ{128}{147}1955 -- V. Educational Advancement in Trust Territories -- Organization of the Department of Trusteeship and Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories -- Selected Bibliography -- Tables -- Chart