I. On Science -- 1. Some remarks on the philosophy of science -- 2. Information and decision-making as tools of philosophy of science -- 3. Method and creativity in science -- 4. Sociology and models of rational behaviour -- 5. Mathematical models and social facts -- 6. Science as a search for information -- II. On Inference -- 7. Inference or behaviour? -- 8. A note on confirmation of statistical hypotheses -- 9. On some basic patterns of statistical inference -- 10. A method of deciding between N statistical hypotheses -- 11. A pragmatic justification of rules of statistical inference -- 12. On sequential inference -- 13. Interpretations of the maximum likelihood principle -- III. On Information and Decision Making -- 14. Some remarks concerning the criterion of rational decision-making -- 15. The concept of distribution of goods -- 16. The value of perfect information -- 17. Questions and their pragmatic value -- 18. Two concepts of information -- 19. Types of information and their role in the methodology of science -- 20. Information in decision-making. Some logical aspects -- 21. Decision-making and future research. Some theoretical problems -- 22. On formal aspects of distributive justice -- 23. Philosophy and decision-making -- 24. The concept of unreliable information -- 25. On defining information -- 26. Rationality as a value -- Index of Names