1: Notes on the History of the Philosophy of Science -- ยง1. Kant and the Kantian Tradition -- ยง2. The Empiricist Tradition Since Herschel and Mill -- ยง3. On the Origin of Conventionalism -- ยง4. Leading Schools and Trends in Philosophy of Science Today -- ยง5. Philosophy of Science: The Place of Hermeneutic Phenomenology -- 2: Hermeneutic Phenomenology on the Meaning and Function of Philosophy -- ยง1. Philosophy as a Critical Reflection on the Meaning of Being Which Takes its Starting Point in an Analytic of Manโ{128}{153}s Mode of Being -- ยง2. The Historical Character of Philosophy -- ยง3. Philosophy as Critical Reflection on Manโ{128}{153}s Experiences -- ยง4. Concluding Remarks -- 3: Basic Issues for an Ontology of the Natural Sciences -- ยง1. On the Hermeneutic Dimensions of the Natural Sciences -- ยง2. On the Problem of Truth in the Sciences -- ยง3. On Myth and Science. Some Hermeneutical Reflections -- 4: Critical Discussion of Some Basic Issues Raised in the Logic, Epistemology, History, and Ontology of the Natural Sciences -- ยง1. On Stegmรผllerโ{128}{153}s Critical Analysis of the Logico- Empiricist Debate About the Relationship Between Theory and Experience -- ยง2. On Induction: Popper and Hempel -- ยง3. On the Meaning of Scientific Revolutions -- ยง4. Reflections on Lakatosโ{128}{153} Methodology of Scientific Research Programs -- ยง5. Hรผbner on the Nature of the Theories Developed in Physics -- ยง6. Beyond Realism and Idealism. A Response to Patrick Heelan -- 5: Toward a Hermeneutic Theory of the History of the Natural Sciences -- ยง1. Three Views on the Historicity of the History of Science -- ยง2. Critical Reflections -- Index of Names -- Index of Terms