บทบาทของซิลิกอนในการเพิ่มความทานเค็มในข้าว Oryza sativa L. พันธุ์ขาวดอกมะลิ 105 / จักรี เหล็กกล้า = Roles of Silicon in Enchancing salt tolerance in rice Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML 105 / Chakkree Lekklar
The effect of silicon (Si) on growth, water status, photosynthetic pigment, antioxidant enzyme and phosphatase activity, root structure system and salt ion contents in shoot were studied in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML105) exposed to salt stress. Three-week-old seedlings were grown in nutrient solution containing 60 mM NaCl with and without Si supplementation for 7 and 14 days. Salt stress caused stomatal closing, reduction of relative water content and high level of Na+ and Cl- accumulation in shoot. Moreover, salt stress induced oxidative stress, as shown by high hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents and the reduction of chl a, chl b and carotenoids. As a consequence, shoot and root growths were highly inhibited after 7 days of salt stress. Supplementation of Si (0.5 mM) could ameliorate salt stress effects by activating catalase in roots and ascorbate peroxidase in leaves, resulting in the decrease of H2O2. In addition, Si significantly depleted shoot Na+ and Cl- without affecting stomatal opening and phosphatase activity. Moreover, root structure of salt stressed rice was modified in response to Si. These responses resulted in normal growth during 7 days of salt stress. When stress period was prolonged to 14 days, though not completely diminishing salt stress effect, Si application significantly increased shoot mass production compared to that without Si. Similar to those in hydroponic culturing system, Si could improve shoot growth of saline soil-grown rice seedlings. Therefore, the results suggested that Si supplementation can be used to increase tolerance of ‘KDML105’ rice against salt stress in the field.