ประสิทธิภาพการผลิตของโรงงานยาสูบ กระทรวงการคลัง / ปิยกานต์ ใครน้ำ = The production efficiency of Thailand tobacco monopoly, Ministry of Finance / Piyakarm Krainum
Thailand Tobacco Monopoly (TTM), Ministry of Finance is a state enterprise responsible for cigarette production and sale. However, TTM monopolized only cigarette production while domestic cigarette market is opened. The monopoly business firm is generally defined as an inefficient management by economic definition which favored business competition for continual business process improvement. However, according to TTM annual report from 1992 to 2007, production efficiency of TTM seemed to improve because cigarette productions were increased while the necessary raw materials and labor costs were decreased during this period. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the production efficiency of TTM on costs of raw material and labor by Generalized Leontief Function and Stochastic Cost Frontier methods which efficiency score is ranged between 0 – 1 and factors influencing its efficiency during this period. Results revealed that the cigarette production of TTM was achieved the economy of scale that contributed to the production efficiency. However, labor cost was the highest input, in terms of value, relative to the costs of other inputs. Furthermore, tendency of cost efficiency was increased because the adoption of modern technology, especially the investment of new model primary and secondary processes machines in 1998. The maximum and minimum production efficiencies of 0.9973 and 0.7810 were found in 2007 and 1998, respectively, while the average cost efficiency of 0.9490 was found during the study period. Factors significantly influence TTM cost efficiencies were capita-labor ratio, production and domestic sale ratio and values of imported and domestic leave ratio. Among those factors, production efficiency was most negatively influenced by production and domestic sale ratio. According to this finding, the production technology of TTM which contributed to its efficiency was significantly delayed by the domestic sale oriented policy.