Introduction -- PART I: CLOSING THE GATES: The Chinese are coming: how can we stop them? : Chinese exclusion and the origins of American gatekeeping -- The keepers of the gate: U.S. immigration officials and Chinese exclusion -- PART II: AT AMERICA'S GATES: Exclusion Acts: Race, class, gender, and citizenship in the enforcement of the exclusion laws -- One hundred kinds of oppressive laws: the Chinese response to American exclusion -- PART III: CRACKS IN THE GATE: Enforcing the borders: Chinese exclusion along the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican borders -- The crooked path: Chinese illegal immigration and its consequences -- PART IV: THE CONSEQUENCES AND LEGACIES OF EXCLUSION: In the shadow of exclusion: The impact of exclusion on the Chinese in America -- EPILOGUE: Echoes of exclusion in the late Twentieth Century -- AFTERWORD: Following September 11, 2001

1. Chinese Americans -- Social conditions -- 19th century
2. Chinese Americans -- Social conditions -- 20th century
3. Chinese Americans -- Legal status
4. laws
5. etc. -- History
6. Immigrants -- United States -- History -- 19th century
7. Immigrants -- United States -- History -- 20th century
8. United States -- Emigration and immigration -- History
9. China -- Emigration and immigration -- History
10. United States -- Emigration and immigration -- Government policy
11. United States -- Race relations
12. Electronic books.