Introduction / Simon Goodchild and Lyn English -- Methodology and Methods in Mathematics Education Research: Where Is "The Why"? / Leone Burton -- Students-Teacher Interactions and the Development of Students' Mathematical Thinking / Maria Manuela David and Maria da Penha Lopes -- Reaction by Anne Watson -- Exploring Students' Goals in Classroom Activity / Simon Goodchild -- Reaction by Barbara Jaworski -- Special Educational Needs in Mathematics--A Problem Developed in School? / Nora Linden -- Reaction by Cyril Julie -- A Methodology of Classroom Teaching Experiments / Kay McClain -- Reaction by Marja Van den Heuvel-Panhuizen -- Context and Content: What Are Student Teachers Learning about Teaching Mathematics? / Ruth Shane -- Reaction by Gilah C. Leder -- Longitudinal Measurement of Student Motivation and Achievement in Mathematics / Shirley M. Yates -- Reaction by Wendy Keys -- Afterword: Applying the Theory to the "Practice" in This Book / Leone Burton