A survey conducted in the year 2000 showed that there are 25 communities residing in Kao-Muang Pranakorn Sri Ayutthaya. In changing the land utilization while face-lifting the area within Kao-Muang, some communities that had lived in the historical area had to move out and those who rented the land from government were not allowed to renew their leases. This has increased the risk of both communities being relocated. A initial survey found that Roangngansura has been designated as a site to relocate people out from the historical area while the Arkansongkrao community, built on the State Property’s Land, is managed by the town municipality. The size and duration for community improvement of both communities is similar but the implementation process is different. The objective of this research project is to conduct a comparative study on the relocation process of the Roangngansura community and the improvement of the Arkansongkrao community, both of which occurred in the year 2000. It is also a qualitative study combined with interviews with community members and concerned individuals, actual observation of the area and the people, photography, and drawing. Percentage and frequency are used in the data analysis. Results of the study showed that the relocation process to Roangngansura was entirely implemented by the Fine Arts Department. Community members were not involved at all. They received compensation money and moved to a specific relocated site to build a new house. This relocation created a new community but with no communal space for them to meet and/or do activities together. This is one of the factors why the new community was neither united nor becoming self-reliant. The Arkansongkrao community, on the other hand, was the original community built on the land of State Property which is managed by the town municipality was also asked to move out or relocate to another area. However, government and non-government organizations had provided some assistance to this community which in turn taught them to combine their efforts to negotiate with the authorities of the town municipality. As a result, they were allowed to stay on the same land with conditions that they make improvements to the home and surrounding area. Therefore, community members have been instrumental in setting up a development plan and implementing it themselves. They have set up and managed community saving groups, designed their own houses as well as a communal zone to meet and do community group work together. Additionally, a community-driven cooperative store has been set up and run by the individuals with in the community member. A comparison of the process and the impact on the member of both communities has clearly indicated that community development and improvement has a direct impact on the physical development of such a community as well as empowering them which enables there to become more self-reliant. If the community is involved in every step of such a development process, it will help them to learn to live, identity, and solve the community problems together. Results from this research have clearly pointed out that the Fine Arts Department should revise and improve its current development process by providing a sincere and genuine support to the community people in taking an active part in every stage of their own relocation and development process.