ผลกระทบของนโยบายเกี่ยวกับอุตสาหกรรมนมดิบในประเทศไทย / สุรีย์พร โกกิลานนท์ = The Impact of Policies on Raw Milk Industry of Thailand / Sureeporn Kokilanon
The government has continuously supported raw milk industry in Thailand to obtain adequate raw milk supply, while cow – raising farmers have been always confronted with its over supply, due to higher price of domestic raw milk over imported recombined milk, prompting drinking milk producers to import recombined milk, instead of purchasing domestic raw milk. The government then adopted various policies and measures to protect the farmers. Since there is still no research on how much these policies and measures have been benefited the farmers. Thus, this research is aimed at studying the measures and their impact on the government revenue and farmers, in case the government adopted measures specifying the local content requirement of raw milk, coupled with the tariff quota of recombined milk, in comparison with the present government’s enforced measures. This study is based on secondary data of information; complied from relevant agencies to evaluate the import demand of recombined milk by the Least Squares Estimation method. The study’s result is that, despite the adoption of various government’s policies and measures aimed at protecting the farmers, its enforcement have not been seriously taken, particularly the local content requirement of raw milk. Moreover, the tariff quota measures on recombined milk have neither impact nor change in volume of imports by the drinking milk producers. For the result of seeking the import demand of recombined milk elasticity on imported recombined milk price is that its value is -0.4240, inelasticity. Since the price of imported recombined milk is lower than those of domestic raw milk, coupled with its inadequate supply, resulting in the increase import of recombined milk by the drinking milk producers, despite the increasing world price. Had the government effectively enforced these measures during BE 2538 – 2545, the government could have earned more tax during the year 2538 – 2540, in the amount of 496.89 1,468.18 and 1,000.22 million Baht, respectively. Moreover, it was discovered that the volume of imported quota of recombined milk, permitted by the government were far over the real demand. If the drinking milk producers have imported recombined milk in fullfiling its given quotas, for its production in the following year, it could have reduced the demand of domestic raw milk, followed by the over supply of raw milk, resulting in the loss to farmers amounting 1,293 2,108 and 2,679 million Baht in the year 2543 – 2545, respectively.
