การติดตามการก่อสร้างบ้านโดยใช้ "แบบบ้านเพื่อประชาชน" ของกรุงเทพมหานคร : กรณีศึกษา แบบ "รางทอง" / ศุภเชษฐ์ อึ้งอร่าม = A monitoring of a construction project using the BMA's "Blueprints for the General Public" : a case study ofthe "Rang Thong" style / Supachet Ung-aram
In general, people who want to build a residence house tend to encounter problems regarding drawing designs and asking for permission to perform construction, especially those with a low income. Therefore, BMA has come up with the "Blueprints for the General Public" Project to provide local citizens with free blueprints which can also be used in applying for permission to carry out construction. The present research is aimed at monitoring the construction of the houses using the blueprints provided in this project. Data collection included surveying drawings and blueprints; gathering information concerning construction methods, duration, and construction costs; and interviewing the owners or the dwellers of the houses. Twelve houses with the "Rang Thong" style located in the Chatuchak area were selected in this case study. The "Rang Thong" style houses are single-story steel-reinforced concrete buildings, which can be constructed on a plot of land no smaller than 24 square wa and with the width of the plot no less than eight meters. Both the exterior and interior walls are made of painted concrete-coated brick, and the house has a Manila-styled roof. The utility space is equal to 38 square meters including the living area, dining area and kitchen, bedroom, patio, and washing area. The findings of the present study revealed that those who chose the "Rang Thong" style houses had different construction methods. Some opted for the contractors to supply the construction materials and build the house, some bought the construction materials themselves but let the contractors carry out construction, whilst others bought the construction materials and built the house by themselves. The construction period ranged from 45 to 150 days, and the construction cost was from 1,500 to 4,500 baht per square meter, depending on the pattern, materials, and construction methods chosen. It is worth noting that only one out of twelve houses studied was constructed exactly as specified in the original drawing provided by BMA. As for the rest, there were modifications in terms of size, shape, roofing style, structure, and material. In addition, the utility area in some houses was expanded; the number of bedrooms, bathrooms, kitchens, or storage rooms was increased; and the bathroom and kitchen were moved to the back of some houses. Also, some single houses were changed into twin housing, shops, or dormitories. Finally, some houses did not comply with the municipal regulations requiring that the building and the fence be at least two meters apart and the empty space account for at least 30% of the total plot of land. Based on these findings, it could be concluded that constructing "Rang Thong" houses in the "Blueprints for the General Public" Project is deemed appropriate. The blueprints can be used when applying for permission to carry out construction with convenience, the budget is low, and the total construction costs do not exceed the previously specified budget however, the original design may not be appropriate with the residents' behavior, number, and income, as well as the size and shape of the plot of land available, so the design has to be modified in one way or another. Therefore, it is recommended that BMA offer a variety of housing designs with more flexibility to better serve the people's needs.
