การบริหารงานอาชีวอนามัยและความคาดหวังบทบาทแพทย์อาชีวเวชศาสตร์ของผู้บริหารในสถานประกอบการขนาดใหญ่ในประเทศไทย / บัญชา พร้อมดิษฐ์ = Occupational health administration and manager's expectation to occupational physician's role among corporate enterprises in Thailand / Bancha Promdit
The purposes of this cross-sectional descriptive study were to examine occupational health administration and manager's expectation to physician's roles among large-scale enterprises in Thailand. The study was conducted during September 1997 and October 1998 by mailing questionnaires to all 294 enterprise's managers. Response rate was 62.2%. In-depth interviews were conducted on 10 managers. In this study, percentage, mean, SD., MacNemar Chi-square Test, unpaired t-test, One-way ANOVA, Mann- Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and descriptive information were used. Data from questionnaires revealed that 72.1% of managers were male, mean age was 41 years. Most managers did not hold occupational health and safety position. Mean of their working time in the present position was 7.6 years. Most of them held a bachelor degree or lower. Most managers had formal training in occupational health and safety, observed occupational health and safety activities elsewhere, and regularly obtained information in occupational health and safety. Most of them were members of company’s occupational health and safety committees. The average number of enterprises' employees was 2,315. Most enterprises were owned by Thai private entrepreneurs, had headquarters, produced goods, had physicians, had nurses, and had safety officers. Most enterprises had safety alarms (>90%), occupational health and safety committees, personal protective equipments, periodic physical examination, and in-house medical treatments. Most (95%) corporate managers expected that physicians performed treatments and participated in corporate health promotion programs. Factors affecting occupational health administration were training and observing occupational health and safety, being a member of occupational health and safety committees, enterprise's location, characteristics of enterprises, number of employees, having headquarter, category of enterprises, and having safety officers (p<0.05). Factors on managers did not relate to their expectation of physicians (p>0.05). In-depth interview revealed that the problems of occupational health administration resulted from employees’ behaviors and limited budgets. Additionally, medical schools should increase occupational medicine contents into medical curriculum. Concerned bodies should recognize importance of occupational health and occupational medicine.
