การเปรียบเทียบความเข้าใจลำดับของเหตุและผลในการเล่นสมมติในเด็กวัย 3-5 ปี / นพพร มากทรัพย์ = A comparison of comprehension of pretend causal sequences in 3-5 year-old children / Nopporn Maksup
The purpose of this thesis was to compare the ability to understand pretend causal sequences between simple and complex episodes of 96 preschool children, aged 3 - 5 years old. In each age group, there were 32 subjects (16 boys and 16 girls). One fourth of the children within each age group were allocated to each of four subgroups in order to counterbalance 2 types of episodes: simple and complex, and 2 sets of episodes: A and B (each set containing 3 episodes). Therefore, each child was tested on six episodes consisting of three simple episodes and three complex episodes. A 3 X 2 Analysis of Variance (Mixed Design) was conducted for statistical analysis. The results are as follows; 1. There is no interaction effects between age levels and types of episodes. 2. The preschoolers perform significantly better in their understanding of pretend causal sequences on the simple episodes than on the complex episodes (p<.05) across all age levels. 3. Four- and five-year-olds perform significantly better than three-year-olds in their understanding of pretend causal sequences (p<.05) across the two types of episodes. However, there is no difference between four- and five-year-olds on their understanding of pretend causal sequences.