ผลของการพูดขู่ การเฝ้าคอยดู เวลา และเพศของเด็กที่มีต่อความเชื่อฟังของเด็กอนุบาล / บุญสืบ โชติสังกาศ = Effects of verbal threat, surveillance, time, and sex of the child on kindergarten children's obedience / Boonseab Jotisangasa
The purpose of this thesis was to examine the effects of verbal threat, surveillance, time, and sex of the child on kindergarten children’s obedience. The subjects were 32 boys and 32 girls in Kindergarten I in the academic year of 1980 from Laor-Utis School. The children were between four years and two months old to four years and nine months old. The research instrument consisted of: 1.Two boxes, one of which was a card box which was 8 inches wide, 10 inches long and 8 inches high and had no lid, containing 300 marbles and another was a white wooden box which had a lid with a hole on top, big enough for inserting only one marble at a time. The second box was 12 inches wide, 12 inches long and 18 inches high. The two boxes were placed about 18 metres apart. 2. Four kinds of toys. They were a girl doll, a battery toy dog, a battery toy duck and a toy car. The researcher observed the children’s obedience to the adult’s command through one-way mirror. The four experimental conditions were as follows: 1.The first condition (The adult gave no verbal threat and kept no surveillance) 2. The second condition (The adult gave no verbal threat but kept surveillance) 3. The third condition (The adult gave verbal threat but kept no surveillance) 4. The fourth condition (The adult gave verbal threat and kept surveillance). Each subject was required to participate in only one experimental condition and was treated individually. In each experimental condition each subject was treated individually for 6 minutes. The treatment was divided into 3 intervals, each lasting for 2 minutes. The first interval took the first 2 minutes; the second interval took the second 2 minutes; and the third interval took the third 2 minutes. The procedures of data analysis were two-way analysis of variance, repeated one-way analysis of variance, and the Newman-Keuls’ method for testing differences between groups. The research results were as follows: 1.In the situation that the adult kept no surveillance, the children were more obedient to the adult’s command when the at .05 significant level. 2. In the situation that the adult kept surveillance, the children were more obedient to the adult’s command when the adult gave verbal threat than when the adult gave no verbal threat at .05 significant level. 3. In the situation that the adult gave no verbal threat, the children were more obedient to the adult’s command when the adult kept surveillance than when the adult kept no surveillance at .01 significant level. 4. In the situation that the adult gave verbal threat, the children were more obedient to the adult’s command when the adult kept surveillance than when the adult kept no surveillance at .05 significant level. 5. In each experimental condition the children were obedient to the adult’s command as follows: 5.1 The first condition (The adult gave no verbal threat and kept no surveillance) the children in this study during the first interval were more obedient to the adult’s command than during the second and the third intervals at .01 significant level. But their obedience to the adult’s command during the second and the third intervals was not statistical significantly different. 5.2 The second condition (The adult gave no verbal threat but kept surveillance) In this study the children’s obedience to the adult’s command during the first and the second intervals was not statistical significantly different, there was no statistical adult’s command during the second and the third intervals. However the children were more obedient to the adult’s command during the first interval than during the third interval at .05 significant level. 5.3 The third condition (The adult gave verbal threat but kept no surveillance) and 5.4 The fourth condition (The adult gave verbal threat and kept surveillance). In these studies the children’s obedience to the adult’s command during the first, the second and the third intervals was not statistical significantly different. 6. In each experimental condition, there was no statistical significant difference in their obedience to the adult’s command between the girl subjects and the boy subjects.
