Objectives 1. To develop a model to train group skills for Prathom Suksa Six students 2. To find out the effectiveness of activities developed for training group skills 3. To construct measuring instruments for the developed model Procedures Phase 1 : The study of basic data. Theories, concepts and priciples on group dynamics and group process were reviewed as background information. The researchers conducted a survey to find out present status, conditions, and problems in group work skills of Prathom Suksa Six students. The survey revealed that Prathom Suksa Six students did not demonstrate 31 skills out of the list of 36 skills of group leader. They also did not demonstrate 10 skills out of the list of 24 skills for group member. Thase 2 : The development of the model to train group skills. Specialists and teachers with experiences in group raining were invited to attend the workshops. Based on basic data obtained from the survey, they attempted at making decisions on the principles for constructing the model. Major impartant concepts on group work were clarified and developed into group activities. The final effort resulted in the series of 27 group activities which were brought into tryouts in 14 Prathom Suksa Six classes. The revision and improvement of activities were done after the tryouts. Phase 3 : The construction of measuring instruments for evaluating the effectiveness of the model. The researchers developed 3 sets of instruments. They were (a) tests for measuring learners' understanding of concepts in group working, (b) Evaluation form for evaluating group skills of the learners, and (c) Form for recording data and comments obtained from employing the Package of group activities. Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the model were also set up. Results The model to train group skills for Prathom Suksa Six students as developed by the researchers were consisted of 5 components as follows : 1. The study of basic data. It was agreed that before one should decide on implementing any program fordeveloping or strengthening skills in group work, one should (a) study some theories, principles, and concepts on group dynamics and group process. This would serve the decision maker as basic foundation of the program. (b) doing the survey on actual condition and status in group work. This should serve as background information for the decision maker (c) doing the survey on problems of the students in group working. This background information would be useful for developing the program. 2. Principles for developing the model 2.1 Students should be taught to understand the concepts and to acquire skills in group work. Teaching concepts without skill practices did not guarantee action. On the other hand, training skills without real understanding of right concepts did not offer strong foundation necessary for the students to solve varied problems in group work that might occur. Therefore, the model to train group skills should contain two important portions. One portion should be concerned with the understanding of concepts in group work, and the other portion should provide for skill practices. 2.2 In teaching group concepts and training group skills, it was recommended that the students should go through the whole package which covered the major important processes in group working although some students may seem to have already possessed some skills, it would be wise to let them go over again so as to reassure that they understand the concepts and know how to perform properly. 2.3) The package of group activities which included concepts and skills training could be used and applied in several way. (a) The package on developing understanding of concepts could be taught intensively within 30-40 hours, then skills practices could be trained in integration with other subject areas. (b) The package on concepts and skills practices could ge gradually taught and trained in integration with other subject areas. (c) The subject area in the elementary school curriculum recommended for teaching group concepts and training group skills practices could be trained in integration with other subject areas. (b) The package on concepts and skills practices could be gradually taught and trained in integration with other subject areas. (c) The subject area in the elementary school curriculum recommended for teaching group concepts and training group skills was the area on Character Development. 3. Structure and contents of the model The model to train group skills was consisted of contents in 5 major categories. There were four items concerning with basic understanding of group work, seven items concerningwith skills necessary for working with groups, nine items concerning with the process of group work, four items concerning with the roles of group leader and three items concerning with the roles of group membe.
4. Group Activities 4.1 The model to train group skills included group activities of two kinds as follows : 4.1.1 Activities for developing right concepts in group work. This kind of activities was consisted of details on(a) the name of the activity (b) the code number of the activity (c) the structure and content of the activity (d) the objectives of the activity (e) the concepts of the activity (f) the instructional aids and time used (g) the process in conduction the activity (h) the evaluation of the activity and (i) the appendix. 4.1.2 Activities for training group skills. This kind of activities was consisted of details on (a) the name of the activity (b) the code number of the activity (c) the structure and content of the activity (d) the time suggested for training and (e) the activities suggested for training the particular group skill. 4.2 The process in conducting group activities includes 5 steps. They were : introduction, conducting of the activity, discussion conclusion and evaluation. 4.3 Teaching strategies, training strategies, and evaluation of the activities. 4.3.1 Teaching strategies used in the model were : (a) The inductive approach (b) The emphasis on learner's participation in the activities. (c) Theuse of different methods and techniques, (d) The application of the learned concepts, and (e) The emphasis on the process of learning. 4.3.2 Training strategies used in the model were : (a) based on the concepts and contents in group dynamics and group process. (b) aimed at increasing learners' understanding on the concepts and contents in group dynamics and group process. (c) aimed at developing learners' group skills up to the level of being able to demonstrate them in actual practice. (d) emphasized on those skills most students have not yet been properly acquired. 4.4 The evaluation of the activities was done through 4.1 The observation of students' behaviors and their cooperation and participation in the activities, 4.2 The students' self evaluation, and 4.3 The tests of each activity. 5. The evaluation of the model 5.1 The evaluation of the model was done through (a) The tests for measuring understanding of the concepts in group work which include pre and post test and the tests in each activity. (b)The tests for evaluating group work skills of the learners which include pre and post tests. (c) The evaluation on the package for training group skills given by the teachers who have tried out the package. 5.2 Criteria used for evaluating the effectiveness of the model. (a) 80/80 standard was used for measuring understanding of the learners in the concepts of group work. (b) Group average score on the post-test must be significantly higher than the group average score on the pre-test at the level of .05. (e) Eighty percent of the teachers expressed that they were able to understand and used the package at the level of at least 60%.
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กิจกรรมของนักเรียน
การทำงานกลุ่มในการศึกษา
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Central Library : Stack (Contact Staff)
372.189 ท511ก
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Central Library : Stack (Contact Staff)
372.189 ท511ก
CHECK SHELVES
Central Library : Stack (Contact Staff)
372.189 ท511ก
CHECK SHELVES
Education Library : Research Collection
302.3 ท38ก
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Thailand and ASEAN Information Center (6th Floor) : Chula Collection
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Thailand and ASEAN Information Center (6th Floor) : Chula Collection
