ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างภาษากับอุดมการณ์ในหนังสือเรียนรายวิชาภาษาไทย ตามหลักสูตรประถมศึกษา พ.ศ. 2503-2544 : การศึกษาตามแนววาทกรรมวิเคราะห์เชิงวิพากษ์ / วิสันต์ สุขวิสิทธิ์ = The relationship between language and ideologies in the Thai language textbooks for the Elementary School Curriculum B.E. 2503-2544 : a critical discourse analysis / Wison Sukwisith
Textbooks are regarded as a type of discourse which extensively influences the societ; as they are obligatory reading for all students during their formal education. This research primarily aims at studying the ideologies constructed and represented by linguistic strategies in the Thai Language textbooks for the elementary school curriculum B.E. 2503-2544. The framework adopted is Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis known as “the three dimensional framework.” The findings show that 15 linguistic strategies are adopted in the textbooks to construct and represent various ideologies. The crucial strategies include lexical selection, reasoning, using a certain sentence structure to indicate interpersonal relation, presupposition, and multi-voicedness. The ideologies repeatedly found in all textbooks are ideologies related to children and gender ideologies. Some sets of idea that are repeatedly presented in all textbooks are 1) a good child is a desirable member of the society; and 2) Thailand is fertile, civilized and peaceful country. Some sets of idea that appear in some textbooks are 1) a good child is a person who follows that concept of sufficiency economy, as found in the B.E. 2544 textbooks; and 2) governmental officials are friendly to people, as found in both the B.E. 2521 and the B.E. 2544 textbooks. As for the analysis of discourse practice, textbooks are discourses which were controlled by the governmental education agencies. The users of the textbooks are teachers who are licensed to transfer knowledge to pupils. Therefore, textbooks are a type of discourse which is supported by the governmental agency, and it is interpreted as the correct and appropriate knowledge which is accessible by all levels of population in the society. Consequently, the ideologies presented in the textbooks somewhat influence the society. For the analysis of socio-cultural practice, the ideologies conveyed through textbooks are influenced many social notions and values such as the notion of seniority, the notion of patronage system, the notion of Buddhism, the notion of patriarchy, as well as the state’s policies. On the other hand, these ideologies may have certain influence upon Thai people’s ways of thinking regarding the definition of desirable citizens, the representation of ideal people and conditions, and the construction of interpersonal relationship in the society. In conclusion, this study indicates that the textbooks reproduce ideologies of the dominant group in order to prepare the children to be good members of the society. Meanwhile, these bias discourses may bring about inequality in Thai society.
